Tonga is a Polynesian country, and also an archipelago comprising 169 islands, of which 36 are inhabited. The archipelago's total surface area is about 750 sq ki (290 sq mi) scattered over 700,000 sq ki (270,000 sq mi) of the southern Pacific Ocean. As of 2021, Tonga had a population of 104,494, 70% of whom resided on the main island, Tongatapu.

Ha'amonga 'a Maui is an ancient stone monument located on the island of Tongatapu in Tonga. It is believed to have been built in the 13th century during the reign of the Tu'i Tonga dynasty, which was a powerful ruling family in the region at the time.