The Tiwi Islands are part of the Northern Territory, Australia, 80 km (50 mi) to the north of Darwin adjoining the Timor Sea. They comprise Melville Island, Bathurst Island, and nine smaller uninhabited islands, with a combined area of 8,320 square kilometres (3,212 sq mi). The islands' population was 2,348 at the 2021 census.

The Northern Territory is a federal territory located in the central and northern regions of Australia. It is vast and sparsely populated, covering an area of approximately 1,349,129 sq ki (520,902 sq mi). It is bordered by Western Australia to the west, South Australia to the south, and Queensland to the east. To the north, the NT has a coastline along the Timor Sea and the Arafura Sea.

Bathurst Island, with a population of approximately 1,560, is one of the islands in the Tiwi Islands archipelago in the Northern Territory, off the northern coast of Australia, along with Melville Island, located 80km north of Darwin.

Groote Eylandt is the largest island in the Gulf of Carpentaria and the fourth largest island in Australia. Located approximately 630 km east of Darwin, the Groote Islands are accessible by plane in 1.5 hours from Darwin or 40 minutes from Nhulunbuy. The total population of Groote Eylandt Archipelago is 2811.