The Caucasus, a mountainous isthmus of land sandwiched between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, is a region that includes parts of six countries – Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Turkey and Iran. It is home to the Greater and Lesser Caucasus Mountains, two of the world’s great mountain ranges and home to the highest peaks in Europe.
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, and is bounded by the continents of Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.
Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second-largest in the Solar System, after Jupiter. It has a whopping 145 moons. It's the farthest planet from Earth that's visible to the unaided eye, but the planet's most outstanding features — its rings — are better viewed through a telescope. It is a gas giant with an average radius of about nine-and-a-half times that of Earth.
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest ocean in the world, covering approximately 106.5 million square kilometers (41.1 million square miles). It separates the continents of Europe and Africa to the east from North and South America to the west. The deepest point in the Atlantic Ocean is the Milwaukee Deep in the Puerto Rico Trench, which reaches a depth of about 8,376 meters (27,480 feet).
The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering 70,560,000 km2 (27,240,000 sq mi) or approx. 20% of the water on Earth's surface.[4] It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia to the east. To the south it is bounded by the Southern Ocean, or Antarctica
Mars is the fourth planet from the sun and has a distinct rusty red appearance and two unusual moons. The Red Planet is a cold, desert world within our solar system. It has a very thin atmosphere, but the dusty, lifeless planet is far from dull. The surface of Mars is orange-red because it is covered in iron oxide dust, giving it the nickname "the Red Planet".
Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system and the fifth planet from the sun. The gas giant has a long, rich, history of surprising scientists. Jupiter has 79 moons and is known as the 'king of the planets'. Jupiter orbits the Sun at a distance of 5.20 AU (778.5 Gm) with an orbital period of 11.86 years.
The Malay Archipelago also called Insulindia or the Indo-Australian Archipelago is the archipelago between Mainland Southeast Asia and Australia. Situated between the Indian and Pacific oceans, the archipelago of over 25,000 islands and islets is the largest archipelago by area and fifth by number of islands in the world.
A mosaic of rivers, forests, savannas, swamps and flooded forests, the Congo Basin is teeming with life. Gorillas, elephants and buffalo all call the region home. The Congo Basin spans across six countries—Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon.
101955 Bennu is a carbonaceous asteroid in the Apollo group discovered by the LINEAR Project on 11 September 1999. It is a potentially hazardous object that is listed on the Sentry Risk Table and has the highest cumulative rating on the Palermo Technical Impact Hazard Scale. Bennu has a 1 in nearly 1,800 chance to hit Earth in the next 300 years.
Mount Elbrus is the highest peak in Europe and one of the Seven Summits, a group of the highest mountains on each of the seven continents. Elbrus has two summits, both of which are dormant volcanic domes. The taller, western summit is 5,642 metres (18,510 ft);[2] the eastern summit is 5,621 metres (18,442 ft).
The Caucasus Mountains are a prominent mountain range located at the intersection of Europe and Asia. They stretch between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea and are divided into two main ranges: the Greater Caucasus and the Lesser Caucasus. The Caucasus Mountains span several countries, including Russia, Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The length is approximately 1,200 kilometers (750 miles).
The Amazon River Basin is home to the largest rainforest on Earth. The basin -- roughly the size of the forty-eight contiguous United States -- covers some 40 percent of the South American continent and includes parts of eight South American countries: Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, and Suriname, as well as French Guiana, a department of France.
Lying between mainland China and the Korean peninsula, the Yellow Sea is one of the world's largest areas of continental shelf covered in shallow water, providing for rich fishing grounds and an important site for migratory birds. But decades of pollution is turning the sea to a colour other than yellow.
The Tibetan Plateau, also known as Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and Qing–Zang Plateau, spans across multiple countries including China, India, and Bhutan as well as Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan, northwestern Nepal, eastern Tajikistan and southern Kyrgyzstan. It is surrounded by the Himalayas to the south, the Kunlun Mountains to the north, and various mountain ranges to the east and west.
The Arctic Desert, also known as the Arctic Tundra, is a cold, desolate region that encircles the North Pole, encompassing parts of Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. The Arctic Desert experiences extremely cold temperatures, often dropping below -40°C (-40°F) in winter. Summers are short and cool, with average temperatures ranging from 3°C to 12°C (37°F to 54°F).
Stretching across southern Mongolia and northern China, the Gobi Desert stands as one of the most captivating and enigmatic landscapes on the planet. Covering an area of over 1.3 million square kilometers, it is the largest desert in Asia and the fifth-largest desert in the world.
The Persian Gulf, also sometimes called the Arabian Gulf, is a body of water located in Western Asia. It is an extension of the Indian Ocean that lies between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. The Persian Gulf is bordered by eight countries: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, and Oman.
The Ionian Sea is located between the countries of Italy, Greece and Albania and forms part of the Mediterranean Sea. In the north, this sub-sea is separated from the Adriatic Sea by the Strait of Otranto. In the south it passes directly into the Libyan Sea.
The Rocky Mountain region is one of the most topographically distinct and impressive parts of North America. The Rocky Mountains rise abruptly above the bordering regions, particularly on the east and northeast where they are flanked by plains, less so on the west and southwest where they are bounded by high plateaus.
Mount Cho Oyu is the world’s sixth highest mountain. This is the westernmost major peak in the Khumbu Sub region along the Mahalangur range. Cho Oyu stands on the border between Nepal and China. The peak lies in the Mahalangur sub range of the Nepal Himalayas. It elevates to a height of 8,201 m or 26,906 feet.
Mt.Makalu is 20 km east of Everest in the Khumbu region and is the fifth highest moutain in the world. The mountain lies in the Makalu Barun National Park and is known for its perfect pyramid shape with four sharp ridges.
K2, at 8,611 metres (28,251 ft) above sea level, is the second-highest mountain on Earth, after Mount Everest at 8,849 metres (29,032 ft). It lies in the Karakoram range, partially in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan-administered Kashmir and partially in the China-administered Trans-Karakoram Tract in the Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County of Xinjiang.
Mt. Lhotse is connected to Everest via the South Col and is the fourth highest mountain in the world. The main summit is 8,516 m while Lhotse Middle (East) is 8,414 metres and Lhotse Shar is 8,383 metres. Very often, climbers making an attempt on Everest, go up the Lhotse to acclimatize.
Kangchenjunga is the third highest mountain in the world. It rises with an elevation of 8,586 m (28,169 ft) in a section of the Himalayas called Kangchenjunga Himal that is limited in the west by the Tamur River and in the east by the Teesta River. The Kangchenjunga Himal is located in eastern Nepal and Sikkim, India.
Located between Alaska and Russia, the Bering Strait is the only marine gateway between the icy Arctic and the Pacific Ocean. At its narrowest point, the strait is only 55 miles wide. The Bering Strait may be narrow, but it’s teeming with wildlife—beluga whales, bowhead whales, gray whales, walruses, polar bears, ringed and ribbon seals.
The Sea of Azov is an inland shelf sea in Eastern Europe connected to the Black Sea by the narrow (about 4 km (2.5 mi)) Strait of Kerch, and sometimes regarded as a northern extension of the Black Sea. The sea is bounded by Russia on the east, and by Ukraine on the northwest and southwest (the parts of Ukraine bordering the sea are currently under Russian occupation).
The Mediterranean Sea is a vast body of water bordered by Europe, Asia, and Africa, connecting to the Atlantic Ocean through the Strait of Gibraltar. It's one of the most historically significant bodies of water, known for its role in the development of ancient civilizations, trade routes, and cultural exchanges.
The Tyrrhenian Sea is part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy. It is named for the Tyrrhenian people, identified since the 6th century BC with the Etruscans of Italy. The sea is bordered by Corsica and Sardinia (to the west), the Italian peninsula the Tuscany Region, Lazio Region, Campania Region, Basilicata Region, and Calabria Region to the east, and Sicily (to the south).
The Adriatic Sea is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan peninsula. The Adriatic Sea is a part of the Mediterranean Sea. The countries with coasts on the Adriatic are Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy, Montenegro, and Slovenia.
The Mozambique Channel is an arm of the Indian Ocean located between the Southeast African countries of Madagascar and Mozambique. The channel is about 1,700 km (900 nmi; 1,100 mi) long and 419 km (226 nmi; 260 mi) across at its narrowest point, and reaches a depth of 3,292 m (10,801 ft) about 230 km (124 nmi; 143 mi) off the coast of Mozambique.
The Bashi Channel is a waterway between Mavulis Island of the Philippines and Orchid Island of Taiwan. It is a part of the Luzon Strait between the East China Sea and the South China Sea. It is characterized by windy storms during the rainy period, which lasts from June to December.
The Luzon Strait is the strait between Taiwan and Luzon, the northern portion of the Philippine archipelago. The strait thereby connects the Philippine Sea to the South China Sea in the western Pacific Ocean. This body of water is an important strait for shipping and communications. Many ships from the Americas use this route to go to important East Asian ports.
The Ural Mountains, an ancient and majestic range, stand as a natural boundary between Europe and Asia. This geographical marvel has played a crucial role in shaping the historical, cultural, and even climatic aspects of both continents. The highest peak, Mount Narodnaya, rises to an elevation of 1,895 meters.
The Alborz or Elborz Mountain range is a mountain range in northern Iran that stretches from the border of Azerbaijan along the western and entire southern coast of the Caspian Sea and finally runs northeast and merges into the smaller Aladagh Mountains and borders in the northeast on the parallel mountain ridge Kopet Dag in the northern parts of Khorasan.
Mount Everest is the tallest mountain on Earth, with its summit reaching an elevation of 8,848.86 meters (29,031.7 feet) above sea level. It is located in the Himalayas on the border between Nepal and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.
The Great Sand Sea is an expansive region of sand dunes and desert located in the Sahara Desert, spanning the border between western Egypt and eastern Libya. The Great Sand Sea covers an area of approximately 72,000 square kilometers, stretching from the Siwa Oasis in Egypt to the Calanshio Sand Sea in Libya.
The Karakoram is a major mountain range spanning the borders of Pakistan, India, and China, with its greatest part in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan. It is one of the Greater Ranges of Asia, which also includes the Himalayas, Hindu Kush, and Pamirs.
The Great Lakes are a group of five large freshwater lakes located in North America on the border between the United States and Canada. They are the largest group of freshwater lakes by total area in the world and hold about 21% of the world's surface fresh water.
The Middle East is a region of significant historical, cultural, political, and economic importance. The Middle East typically includes countries in Western Asia and parts of North Africa. Some commonly included countries are: Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman and Egypt, Libya.
The Alps are one of the most iconic mountain ranges in the world, spanning several European countries including France, Switzerland, Italy, Austria, Germany, and Slovenia. Renowned for their breathtaking beauty, diverse landscapes, and rich cultural heritage, the Alps attract millions of visitors each year for a wide range of outdoor activities and scenic experiences.
Nile River, the longest river in the world, called the father of African rivers. It rises south of the Equator and flows northward through northeastern Africa to drain into the Mediterranean Sea. It has a length of about 4,132 miles (6,650 kilometres) and drains an area estimated at 1,293,000 square miles (3,349,000 square kilometres).
The Amazon River, located in South America, is renowned for being the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world. It discharges about 215,000–230,000 cubic meters per second, which is approximately 6,591–7,570 cubic kilometers per year. This volume is more than the next seven largest independent rivers combined and accounts for about 20% of the global riverine discharge into oceans.
The Mekong River is one of the longest and most important rivers in Southeast Asia, flowing through six countries: China, Myanmar (Burma), Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam. It originates in the Tibetan Plateau of China and travels approximately 4,350 kilometers (2,703 miles) before emptying into the South China Sea.
South America is the fourth largest continent in the world, located entirely in the Western Hemisphere. It's bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean, on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean, and by the Caribbean Sea to the northwest. South America is connected to North America by the Isthmus of Panama. It had a population of 434,254,119 in 2021.
The Himalayas are one of the most awe-inspiring mountain ranges in the world, stretching across five countries: India, Nepal, Bhutan, China (Tibet), and Pakistan. This majestic range is home to the world's highest peaks, including Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth.
The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, bordered by five countries: Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran, and Azerbaijan. Despite its name, the Caspian Sea is technically a lake, although it's often referred to as a sea due to its size and saline water. It spans an area of about 371,000 square kilometers (143,000 square miles) and has a maximum depth of over 1,000 meters (3,300 feet).
The Black Sea is an inland sea located between southeastern Europe and Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey). It is bounded by six countries: Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, Russia, Georgia, and Turkey. The Black Sea is connected to the Mediterranean Sea through the Bosporus Strait and the Sea of Marmara.
The North Pole is the northernmost point on Earth, located at the geographic North Pole, where the Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface. It is situated in the Arctic Ocean and is surrounded by water covered by sea ice. Unlike the South Pole, which is located on the continent of Antarctica, the North Pole is not land but rather a point in the middle of the Arctic Ocean.
The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five oceans, covering an area of about 14 million square kilometers (5.4 million square miles) at the North Pole. It is surrounded by the northern coastlines of North America, Europe, and Asia. The Arctic Ocean is unique for its ice cover, which varies significantly with the seasons, expanding in the winter and shrinking in the summer.